William smith



W SMITH WBAVING -CORDED FABRICS.

Patented Apr. 5, 1853.-

UNITED STATES PATENT (DFFICE.

WILLIAM SMITH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

WEAVING- CORDED FABRICS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 9,653, dated April 5, 1853.

To ad whom t may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM SMITH, of

the city, county, and State of New" York,l

weaver, have invented, made, and applied to use certain new and useful Improvements in Looms for IVeaving and in the Fabrics Produced Thereby; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing, lnaking part of this specification, wherein- Figure l, is a sectional elevation of the loom. Fig. 2, is a front View of the lay, and Fig. 3, is a perspective view of the fabric that is formed by this loom.

The like marks designate the same parts.

The object of my invention is to furnish means for weaving fabrics formed by a center warp of india rubber for corrugated elastic goods, or any similar warp which is inclosed by a fabric formed on each side of it, by filling from two shuttles, one passing above and the other below the center warp which is stationary, the sheds being formed by upper and lower warps worked in any usual manner.

a, is the frame of the loom of any convenient form carrying the driving shaft I), that is moved by any competent power, c,

' are the connecting rods from cranks on the shaft Z9, to the lay CZ, that is supported by and vibrates on a rock shaft l.

2 is a warp roller kept from turning freely by the friction of a strap or any usual means, so that the warp 3, is given off when at the required tension as now practised. The warp 3, is to be of india rubber st-rips if the fabric is to be corrugated and elastic, or this warp may be cotton or any fibrous substance where a thick quality of goods is required. This warp passes through the stationary heddle 4, and through the reeds e, in the lay over the breast beam f, the fabric as it is formed being wound by any usual means onto the roller g.

5,is the warpv roller supplying the warp 6, for the two sheds. The warp passes through two heddles 7 and 8 and through the reeds e, forming the fabric with the warp 3, and filling as hereafter shown. The heddles 7 and 8, are worked by any competent means the one being fitted to ascend as the other descends; in the drawing these are shown as connected by straps 9 over a pulley 10, the straps 11, and l2, being connected from the under side to treadles to be worked by cams from an auxiliary shaft or by the feet if power is not used, in the usual manner.

The lay itself in front of the reeds e, is formed to receive two shuttles by a center piece 1 3, with a rib on each edge, and by Lipper pieces 14, and lower pieces l5, all attached to the body o-f the lay so as to receive and sustain the shuttles it and i, by the ribs taking grooves in the top and bottom of the back edge of the shuttle, and the length of the shuttle being greater than the width of the reeds, o-ne end enters the groove before the opposite end is disengaged. The shuttles are propelled by means of a frame le, above with projections depending from the same to give the blow and propulsion to the upper shuttle, and the lower shut-tie is moved by a similar frame Z, and projections. Fig. 3, shows a meains by which these frames may be moved, the ends of the top and bottom parts being connected by straps over pulleys so that one travels one way while the other travels in the opposite direction, and by any ordinary picking motion if in a power loom or the usual strap for a hand lo-om, being applied to move either frame the shuttles are thrown in opposite directions through the sheds above and below the warp 3.

This loom is especially intended for use in weaving corrugated elastic fabrics, several pieces being woven at the same time.

I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not limit myself to the means for moving the shuttle as instead of the frames 7c and Z, racks may be used, that in their motion rotate pinion wheels fixed on the .lay that take a rack in the side of each shut-tie, one pinion taking hold of one end of the shuttle before it clears the other pinion thus drawing the shuttle through the sheds even if the motion be not sudden enough to throw the shuttle. Or both shuttles may be thrown through the sheds in the same direction at the same time.

The two shuttles carry bobbins with lilling as usual, and the loom in working forms a fabric as shown in large size in Fig. 3, the warps Z), passing up and down through the stationary center warp 3, and the upper shuttle i, and filling form a fabric on one side of the warp 3, while the lower shuttle 7L, and its filling, forms a fabric on the under side. Thus the warp 3, is inclosed; and 1n weaving india rubber elastic goods my loom and mode of weaving is especially useful, and has advantages over other looms for the following reasons, which reasons apply to a certain eXtent to the weaving of other fabrics than india rubber:

lst. Where a warp of india rubber has been iii-closed in Ka woven fabric it has been done by one shuttle passing over and depositing its filling, the rubber then being raised, and the shuttle passing beneath it. In this mode of weaving the fabric has ribs produced on its surface, caused by the india rubber in raising or lowering embedding itself in the filling or woof, leaving the india rubber and its co-vering raised on each side, but by my arrangement the india rubber being stationary but a, slight rib is formed o-n the surface ofthe goods.

2nd. There two shuttles have been used with different or the same kinds of filling one has passed through the shed and then the india rubber been raised up to let the second shuttle pass beneath it. This produces the same imperfections in the goods that are manufactured.

3rd. Vith both the foregoing old methods for Weaving elastic goods, the india rubber being moved is subject to constant wear by the friction, often breaking the india rubber warp, whereas in my loom the rubber being stationary is not so much subject to wear.

4th. By using two shuttles as herein shown a saving of time is effected, because under the old methods first one side was formed and then the other of the fabric, my method requiring but about half the time thereby producing a corresponding saving in cost.

5th. Where but one shuttle is used, in weaving elastic fabrics, an expense is incurred which can be saved by my loom, as these fabrics are usually formed entirely with silk while in mine I can use silk from one shuttle to form the side which is seen, while a filling of cotton or similar fabric from the other shuttle may form the under side, thereby saving much cost for material.

I do not claim two shuttles, as two or more have been used in various kinds of weaving. But What I desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s- I claim the process of forming a fabric by the combination of stationary and movable warps with two weft threads, passed simultaneously through the two sheds, formed above and below said stationary warps; the weft threads being held in place on the surface of the stationary warps by the movable warps.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature this sixteenth day of October, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.

WM. SMITH.

Witnesses LEMUEL W. SERRELL, CHARLES TENCELLENT. 

